高考作文句式英语(高考英语作文高分句型词组)
句子由各个组成部分构成,这些组成部分叫作句子成分。句子成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语等。学生只有明白了句子成分,才能真正地理解句子,读懂文章的含义。
一、主语——句子的主体
主语是句子的主体,用于说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·新课标山东卷)TheroutewentfromourschoolgatetothefootoftheSouthMountain.(名词作主语)
(2020·全国卷,满分作文)Takingpartinafruit-pickingactivityonafarmismeaningfulandrewarding.(动名词短语作主语)
(2017·全国卷,书面表达)Tostartwith,whatIintendtostressisthatweareabouttostartournextlessoninClassroom8oftheTeachingBuildingat10am.nextFriday.(从句作主语)
用“____”标出下列句子的主语
1A_farmertoldushowtopickoranges.(2020·全国卷)
2Each_of_uscarriedabasketandapairofscissors.(2020·全国卷)
3To_bring_a_small_giftisagoodidea.(2018·全国卷书面表达)
4.What_I_am_going_to_tell_youisaboutdonatingbooksfromourschooltoyourChineseclass.(天津卷书面表达)
二、谓语——主语的行为
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征。
(1)实义动词(短语)可以单独作谓语,有时态、人称和数的变化;(2)系动词不能单独作谓语,系表结构才可以作谓语;(3)助动词和情态动词也不能单独作谓语,“助动词/情态动词实义动词”可以作谓语。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·全国卷)Iamwritingtoaskforyourguidanceonashortplay.(实义动词作谓语)
(2019·全国卷书面表达)IcangiveabriefintroductionofthesemasterpiecesfromtheperspectiveofanativespeakerofChina.(“情态动词实义动词”作谓语)
(2019·全国卷书面表达)IamgoodatEnglishandfamiliarwithChinesepaintings.(系表结构作谓语)
用“____”标出下列句子的谓语
1ThenMrs.MeredithsearchedtheInternetandorderedahouseholdpopcornmachine.(2020·新课标山东卷)
2Whenhegot_upat7am.,abigplanoccurred_tohim.
3Thewatchis_necessaryinourdailylife,butitsfunctionis_too_simple_and_dull.
4Whatsmore,Ihavesomeexperienceinaccompanyingforeignfriends.(2018·6月浙江卷应用文写作)
三、宾语——动作的对象
宾语是动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有:名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和从句等。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·新课标山东卷)Mostoftheracersfinishedthewholecourse.(名词作宾语)
(2020·全国卷)ImgladtoknowthatyouvecometoChinatolearnkungfuinaschoolinmyhometown.(从句作宾语)
(2018·全国卷书面表达)Dontforgettopraiseyourfriendforthedeliciousfoodsheoffers.(不定式作宾语)
用“____”标出下列句子的宾语
1Shealwaystalkstouspatientlyandhelpsustofinda_solution.(2020·全国卷,满分作文)
2Pleasetakegoodcareofyourselfanddontworryaboutour_studies.(2020·浙江卷,应用文写作)
3Imsorrytohearthat_you_are_going_to_return_to_your_country_very_soon.(2019·6月浙江卷,应用文写作)
四、表语——主语的特征
表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构),用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·新课标山东卷)Needlesstosay,theyweredeeplymoved.(形容词作表语)
(2020·全国卷,书面表达)Hismaindutyistomeasurebodytemperatureandcheckthepassesforexitandentry.(不定式作表语)
(2018·全国卷,书面表达)Myfavouritesportisrunning.
(v.-ing作表语)
ThatswhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.(从句作表语)
用“____”标出下列句子的表语
1Weareconfident_thatwecanwinthiscompetition.(2019·全国卷,书面表达)
2Itisa_Chinese_folk_art_with_a_long_history.(2017·全国卷,书面表达)
3Myaimisto_let_China_go_to_the_world_and_let_the_world_understand_China.(2019·全国卷,书面表达)
4Atthatmoment,Ibecamethe_focus_of_the_whole_classandwasfull_of_great_pride_and_confidence.
五、定语——名词的修饰语
定语是用来描述名词的品质与特征的修饰语,它常和名词构成名词短语。单个词作定语时常放在被修饰词之前,而短语和从句作定语时往往放在被修饰词之后。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·浙江卷,应用文写作)Ihaveachievedsatisfactoryresultsinrecentexaminations.(形容词作定语)
(2020·全国卷,书面表达)HeisavolunteerwhoworksasagateguardinourcommunityduringtheepidemicofCOVID-19.(从句作定语)
TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseumlocatedinthenorthofourcity.(分词作定语)
用“____”标出下列句子的定语
1AndthepersonI_respect_mostismy_physicsteacher.(2020·全国卷,书面表达)
2ImdeeplyconvincedthatIcanbeadevotedvolunteer.(2019·全国卷,书面表达)
3Allthebooksoffered_by_the_studentsarereportedtohavebeensenttothechildrenin_the_countrysidetheotherday.
六、状语——动词、形容词、副词或句子的修饰语
状语是用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·全国卷,书面表达)Thankstohiseffortsinepidemicpreventionandcontrol,ourneighborhoodhasbeeninagoodstate.(介词短语作状语)
(2020·全国卷,书面表达)Lookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.(副词作状语)
(2020·全国卷,书面表达)Toletusexperiencethelifeinthecountryside,ourschoolorganizedafruit-pickingactivityonafarmlastweekend.(不定式短语作状语)
(2019·北京卷,书面表达)Ifyouwantadeepexperienceinthecity,sharedbikeswouldbethebestchoice.(从句作状语)
用“____”标出下列句子的状语
1.Having_known_that_a_traditional_Chinese_painting_exhibition_will_be_held_at_the_gallery_in_London_during_the_summer_holiday,_Imextremelyexcited.(2019·全国卷,书面表达)
2.If_you_will_join,_youmaysendyourinformationtointlpssppt@gmschool.com.
3So,pleasecometoourschoolgymat_6_pm.andwetraintogether.(2019·全国卷,书面表达)
七、补足语——宾语或主语的补充说明
补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2020·浙江卷,应用文写作)WesincerelywishyouaquickrecoveryandanearlyreturntoChina.(名词短语作宾补)
Welltryourbesttomakeourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.(形容词作宾补)
用“____”标出下列句子的补足语
1TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.
2Whatyousaidjustnowmademeangry.
八、同位语——同等重要的修饰语
对句子中的名词或代词做进一步解释、说明,与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。
美句输入
佳句输出
(2019·天津卷,书面表达)ImLiJin,astudentatChenguangHighSchool.(名词短语作同位语)
Personally,IpreferthetouralongtheYangtzeRiver,thelongestriverandoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivilization.(名词短语作同位语)
用“____”标出下列句子的同位语
1WearegoingtothelocalnursinghomeforthecomingDoubleNinthFestival,a_holiday_for_us_to_show_our_respect_for_the_elderly.
2Thereisnodoubtthat_I_will_improve_its_reputation_through_my_efforts.
——活动介绍利用所学知识,结合中文提示补全短文并背诵。
(2020·全国卷)
MyWeekend
Inordertoreleasethepressureresultingfromourstudy,
___________________________________________(上个周末,我和同学一起去星星农场摘桔子)Hardlyhadwearrivedatthefarmwhenwesawmanyorangeshangingfromthebranches.Afarmertoldushowtopickoranges.Theneachofuscarriedabasketandapairofscissors,quicklyclimbeduptheladderandstartedtopickoranges.__________________(沐浴在阳光下),wesangandlaughedwhilepickingoranges.Afterwepaidfortheorangeswepicked,wepreparedtogobacktoschool.
_________________________(我们度过了多么美好的时光啊)!Notonlydiditgiveusrelaxation,butalsoitgotusclosertonature.
答案:IwenttoXingxingFarmtopicksomeorangestogetherwithmyclassmateslastweekend
Bathedinsunshine
Whatawonderfultimewehad